What are antibiotics, and what type of illnesses do they treat effectively?
Antibiotics encompass a broad group of medications that are used to treat bacterial infections, such as strep throat and pneumonia.
What are some common childhood illnesses that cannot be cured by antibiotics?
Antibiotics do not work on viral infections, which are the cause of the majority of childhood ailments, including:
1. The common cold
Children can have fever, cough, and runny nose (even green or yellow nasal discharge) for up to 10 days — and still not need antibiotics. If your child has a fever for more than three days, persistent nasal discharge for more than 10 days, a cough lasting longer than three weeks, difficulty breathing, or hasn’t urinated in over six hours then it’s time to see the doctor. Otherwise, hang in there and focus on making your child as comfortable as possible; humidifiers and steam from the shower can help ease congestion and coughing.
2. Most sore throats
Typically, they’re caused by a virus. Strep throat, which requires antibiotics, is the exception; your pediatrician can diagnose strep with a throat swab.
3. Certain ear infections
Doctors now recognize that not all ear infections need to be treated, since some clear up on their own. If you think your child has an ear infection, consult your pediatrician for the best treatment plan.
4. Stomach bugs
The majority of illnesses that cause vomiting and diarrhea do not respond to antibiotics; in fact, antibiotics may make the problem worse. If your child has bloody poop, or prolonged diarrhea following travel, however, you should call your pediatrician right away.
Why are doctors so cautious about prescribing antibiotics these days?
Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern among physicians. Because antibiotics have been over-used in the past, bacteria have been able to develop resistance to some antibiotics. This makes true bacterial infections more difficult to manage and requires stronger and stronger antibiotics to treat them. Additionally, antibiotics have side effects, such as stomach upset and diarrhea, and they may cause allergic reactions.
Why can’t my child take anti-viral medication for his cold?
Anti-viral medications don’t work for the common cold; they only target specific viral illnesses, such as herpes and influenza. Additionally, these medications can have side effects and should only be used when appropriate. But, I get it: As a mom, you want a fast fix for your child when he’s sick. I can’t tell you how many times I wished that I had found a cure to the common cold. Not only would I be a millionaire, but my kids would never be sick. Sadly, only time, fluids, and lots of TLC can make colds and most other viral illnesses better.
More advice from Dr. Blanchard:
- A Guide to Ear Infections, from Symptoms to Treatment
- Everything You Need to Know About Strep Throat
- How to Get Rid of Head Lice (Yes, Even the Drug-Resistant Kind)
Photo: Getty
